摘要目的：评估国产基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱系统Clin-TOF-Ⅱ型仪器及其搭载的BioExplorer V2.3鉴定数据库（简称Clin-TOF质谱系统）对革兰阴性菌的鉴定效能。方法方法学评价研究。共纳入1999至2000年及2014至2016年北京协和医院革兰阴性菌1025株，分属32个属，56个种或种复合体。对照方法为Bruker Biotyper质谱系统：Bruker Autoflex Speed型号仪器及其搭载的Biotyper v3.1数据库（简称Bruker质谱系统）。采用直接涂抹法平行使用2套质谱系统对研究纳入菌株进行菌种鉴定。当某一种或两种质谱鉴定结果为“不可信结果”或两种质谱鉴定结果不一致时，采用16S rDNA扩增测序进行结果验证。结果 Clin-TOF质谱系统准确鉴定率为98.05％（1005／1025）。Bruker质谱系统准确鉴定率为99.22％（1017／1025）。 Clin-TOF质谱系统有17株仅鉴定至属水平，2株无鉴定结果。另外将1株蒙氏假单胞菌错误鉴定为恶臭假单胞菌。 Bruker质谱系统有2株菌仅鉴定至属水平，3株无鉴定结果。但是将3株嗜水气单胞菌中的2株错误鉴定为豚鼠气单胞菌，1株错误鉴定为中间气单胞菌。对于本研究纳入的1株黏金黄杆菌和1株伯氏金黄杆菌，两个质谱系统都仅鉴定到属水平。结论国产Clin-TOF质谱系统在鉴定革兰阴性菌方面有临床效能。（中华检验医学杂志，2017，40：41-45）

abstractsObjective To evaluate the performance of domestic matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system Clin-TOF-Ⅱ MS with BioExplorer V2.3 database ( Clin-TOF MS system) on gram-negative bacteria identification.Methods This was a methodological comparison study.A total of 1 025 gram-negative strains of 32 genus, 56 species or species complex were included in this study from 1999 to 2000 and 2014 to 2016 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The Bruker Biotyper MS system ( Bruker MS system ) , Bruker Autoflex Speed with Biotyper v 3.1 database were used as control.Identification by both MALDI-TOF MS systems were parallel conducted by direct smear method.The 16S rDNA sequencing based identification was performed when either MALDI-TOF MS system gave“unbelievable result” or results from two systems were not consistent.Results Amongst the isolates studied, 98.05% (1 005/1 025) was correctly identified to species or species complex level by Clin-TOF MS system.Comparatively, 99.22%(1 017/1 025) was correctly identified by Bruker MS system.There were 17 isolates just identified to genus level and 2 isolates were “no identification” by Clin-TOF MS system, meanwhile 1 Pseudomonas monteilii misidentified as P.putida.There were only two 2 isolates identified to genus level and 3 isolates were“no identification” by Bruker MS system.But it misidentified all 3 Aeromonas hydrophila (2 isolates as A.caviae and 1 isolate as A.media).It′s noted that both MS systems identified 1 Chryseobacterium gleum and 1 C. bernardetii to genus level.Conclusion The identification capability of domestic Clin-TOF MS system was good on gram-negative bacteria.