摘要肝素诱导的血小板减少症（HIT）是一种由抗血小板因子4（PF4）-肝素复合物抗体介导的血栓前状态，严重者可导致致命性血栓形成。目前HIT的诊断主要依赖于临床表现与实验室检测，后者在HIT的诊断中占据重要地位。然而，国内HIT相关实验室检测仍以免疫学筛查为主（但缺乏IgG特异性检测试剂盒），功能学检测则因仪器技术要求高、部分方法具有放射性等因素，在大多数临床实验室受限条件下难以开展。近年来，随着新技术的发展，流式细胞术、液相质谱等方法逐步应用在HIT诊断中，并在提高诊断特异度和临床可行性方面展现出潜力。

abstractsHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic disorder mediated by anti-PF4-heparin complex antibodies, leading to life-threatening thrombosis in severe cases. Currently, HIT diagnosis primarily relies on clinical presentation and laboratory testing, and the latter plays a crucial role. However, in China, HIT related lab tests mainly involve immunological screening, yet IgG-specific kits are lacking. Functional assays are difficult to implement in most clinical laboratories due to high technical and equipment requirements, as well as the radioactivity in some methods. In recent years, with the advancement of new technologies, methods such as flow cytometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry have been increasingly applied in HIT diagnosis, showing potentials for improving diagnostic specificity and clinical feasibility.