摘要目的:针对研究型医院博士后管理中政策响应、资源配置和成果评价等相关问题，探寻符合医院发展需求的管理机制优化路径，推动医学创新和高质量发展。方法:采用结构—过程—结果模型(SPO模型)作为理论框架，剖析研究型医院博士后管理中面临的痛点，构建结构层标准化、过程层动态赋能、结果层闭环反馈的优化路径，并以浙江省某三甲医院实践作为验证。结果:结构层破除权责虚化现象，过程层提升管理创新能力，结果层实现价值输出优化，实践证明此路径对博士后的培养质量、资源效能提升以及人才留存起到了有效作用。结论:SPO模型为博士后管理给出了科学的优化办法，有效破除痛点，增强医院创新水平，具备理论和实践的参考价值。

abstractsObjective:Aiming at issues related to policy response, resource allocation, and achievement evaluation in the postdoctoral management of research-oriented hospitals, this study explores the optimal path of management mechanism that meets the development needs of hospitals, so as to promote medical innovation and high-quality development.Methods:Taking the Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) model as the theoretical framework, this study analyzes the pain points in the postdoctoral management of research-oriented hospitals, constructs an optimization path featuring standardization at the structure level, dynamic empowerment at the process level, and closed-loop feedback at the result level, and verifies the path with the practice of a Grade A Tertiary Hospital in Zhejiang Province.Results:The structure level has eliminated the phenomenon of vague rights and responsibilities, the process level has improved the management and innovation capabilities, and the result level has optimized value output. Practice has proved that this path plays an effective role in improving the training quality of postdoctoral researchers, enhancing resource efficiency, and retaining talents.Conclusions:The SPO model provides a scientific optimization method for postdoctoral management, effectively addresses pain points, enhances the innovation capacity of hospitals, and has both theoretical and practical reference value.