摘要公正文化作为一种介于惩罚文化与免责文化之间的安全文化，可有效提升医疗不良事件上报率，促进医务人员从事件中学习并不断改进患者安全管理。作者检索中国知网、万方数据以及PubMed等数据库2001年至2023年1月收录的国内外医疗机构公正文化研究相关的文献，综述公正文化的概念与其在患者安全管理领域的内涵，以及国内外医疗机构公正文化的研究现状，并对我国医疗机构的公正文化建设提出建议，以期为我国医疗机构的公正文化建设和评估提供借鉴。

abstractsAs a safety culture placed between a culture of punishment and that of exemption, just culture can effectively improve the reporting rate of medical adverse events, promote medical staff to learn from events, and continuously improve patient safety management. The authors searched for literature on the study of just culture in medical institutions both domestically and internationally, including such databases as CNKI, Wanfang Data, and PubMed from 2001 to January 2023. They reviewed the concept of just culture and its connotation in the field of patient safety management, as well as the current research status of just culture in medical institutions both domestically and internationally. On such basis, they proposed for the construction of just culture in medical institutions in China, for reference in the construction and evaluation of a just culture in such institutions.