摘要黑色素瘤是主要发生于皮肤和黏膜的恶性肿瘤,近10年来,其发病率增长较快,生物学行为表现为早期出现淋巴结转移.区域淋巴结的评估是黑色素瘤分期的关键因素,对于综合治疗策略和区域淋巴结治疗具有重要指导意义,前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)在淋巴结判定上优势显著.传统理论认为,前哨淋巴结阳性患者应行区域淋巴结清扫(CLND),但是最新的临床试验证据对此似乎提出了质疑,CLND对于黑色素瘤疾病特异性生存率无获益,但是对于前哨淋巴结阳性患者,进行CLND能提高患者的局部控制率. SLNB对于指导黑色素瘤分期和预后的价值,以及CLND对于区域淋巴结的控制已经有循证医学的证据支持,文章就黑色素瘤前哨淋巴结活检和CLND的相关研究进行了分析.

abstractsMelanoma is a malignant tumor derived from the skin and mucous membrane, the epidemiological data showed that the incidence of melanoma elevated rapidly in the last decade. Early lymph node metastasis is a distinguishing characteristic of melanoma. The assessment of regional lymph nodes is a vital factor for melanoma staging and comprehensive therapeutic strategies. The sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) plays an important role in this comprehensive diagnosis and treatment system. Completion lymph node dissection (CLND) with positive sentinel lymph node was accepted by traditional theories. But it has recently been questioned via the latest global clinical trial. CLND limited the benefit for melanoma specific survival. However, SLNB is the reliable procedure for staging and prognostic evaluation of melanoma patients with positive sentinel lymph node, and CLND can significantly improve the local control and decrease the regional recurrence according to the evidence?based medicine. The authors summary the recently correlational research of SLNB and CLND in melanoma in this review.