摘要近年来，人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）低表达乳腺癌的治疗成为乳腺癌诊疗领域的热点问题。随着抗体药物偶联物对HER-2低表达乳腺癌患者疗效的确立，HER-2低表达已成为乳腺癌新的靶向治疗亚型。研究显示，HER-2超低表达乳腺癌也可从新型抗体药物偶联物中获益。为了更好地规范HER-2低表达和超低表达乳腺癌临床诊疗，中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会和中国妇幼健康研究会乳腺癌防治研究专业委员会参考了国内外最新临床研究成果以及近年发表的重要文献，结合中国病理科医师和肿瘤科医师的临床经验，经专家组讨论，制定了《HER-2低表达和超低表达乳腺癌临床诊疗共识（2025版）》，以期加深临床肿瘤医师对HER-2低表达和超低表达乳腺癌的认识，推进临床决策的精准化，最终实现延长患者生存时间和提高生活质量的目标。

abstractsThe treatment of breast cancer with low expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) has become a focused area in recent years. With the proved therapeutic effect of antibody-drug conjugates on breast cancer patients with HER-2-low expression, this subgroup has become a new targeting population in breast cancer. Recent studies have shown that patients with HER-2-ultralow breast cancer can also benefit from novel antibody-drug conjugates. To better standardize the rational clinical diagnosis and treatment of HER-2-low and HER-2-ultralow breast cancer, the Breast Cancer Professional Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association, along with Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment Research Professional Committee of Maternal and Child Health Research Society of China reviewed the latest domestic and international clinical studies and important publications in recent years. Integrating the clinical experience of Chinese pathologists and oncologists, and following expert panel discussions, a consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HER-2-low and HER-2-ultralow breast cancer was developed. This consensus aims to deepen clinicians' understanding of HER-2-low and HER-2-ultralow breast cancer, promote more precise clinical decision-making, and ultimately improve patient survival and quality of life.