摘要目的 应用四维CT血管显影研究腹壁下动脉穿支的血管构造.方法 2008年10月至2009年5月,取10具新鲜尸体腹壁标本,在腹壁下动脉的不同水平段将造影剂欧乃派克灌注入皮瓣,包括腹壁下动脉主干、内排分支、外排分支、外排单根穿支、内排单根穿支,在灌注过程中应用四维CT进行扫描(三维CT加上时间轴称之为四维),将所获得的数据在CT工作站上进行图像重建与分析.结果 腹壁下动脉穿支在Scarpa筋膜(腹壁浅筋膜深层)浅面以及真皮下两个层次产生分支,最终走向真皮下血管网.腹壁中线两侧穿支吻合发生在真皮下血管网,较稀疏.皮瓣内血流的分布包括真皮下血管网以及已存在的血管结构2种途径.皮瓣灌注最好的区域是血管蒂同侧腹直肌的表面,其次是血管蒂同侧腹直肌的外侧,再其次是对侧腹直肌表面,灌注最差的是对侧腹直肌外侧.结论 四维CT血管显影是一种有效地研究腹壁下动脉穿支在浅筋膜内结构的方法.

abstractsObjective To explore the vascular structure of the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator with the four-dimensional computed tomography (CT) angiography. Methods 10 abdominal specimens harvested from fresh cadavers were cannulated with trocar and injected with contrast medium in the deep inferior epigastric artery at different levels, including the deep inferior epigastric artery, its bifurcations, the lateral or medial large perforators. During the perfusion of the contrast medium in the flap, the flap was scanned by three-dimensional CT (four-dimensional defined as three dimensional CT plus time). The CT data were sent to CT workstation and the images were processed and reformatted. Results The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator terminates in the subdermal vascular plexus, with bifurcating superior to the Scarps fascia and under the skin. The anastomosis in the abdominal midline occurs in the subdermal vascular plexus. The blood flow distributes in two ways, one is the subdermal vascular plexus,the other is the existed vascular structure. The zone overlying the rectus muscle in the pedicle side has the best blood supply, the other adjacent zone on the ipsilateral side of the abdomen, the zone overlying the contralateral rectus muscle and the zone lateral to the contralateral rectus muscle has declining perfusion.Conclusions The four-dimensional CT is a useful method to study the vascular structure of the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator in the superficial fascia.