摘要目的 探讨外耳再造术后先天性小耳畸形患者及其家属心理行为状况的变化,以及外耳再造术在改善患儿及家属心理状况方面的作用.方法 选取2004年9月至2007年3月先天性小耳畸形患者共72例,于术前及第二期手术6 ～ 12个月后采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)对患儿的心理及行为状况进行测评,同时采用SCL-90症状自评量表(Symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)对患儿家属的心理状况进行测评,比较手术前后测评指标的改变.于第二期手术6～12个月后对患者家属进行手术满意度测评.结果 手术后测评的大部分指标较术前有所降低.①患者CBCL测试显示:手术后患者的活动能力、社交能力评分均较术前提高,行为问题总粗分及检出率均较术前降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).手术后行为问题中各项因子分及检出率均较术前降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②手术后患者家属SCL-90测评的总分及阳性总分、阳性项目数均较术前明显降低,两者相比差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).SCL-90各因子得分评定结果均较术前降低(P＜0.05).结论 外耳再造术使先天性小耳畸形患者及家属的心理健康状况得到明显改善.

abstractsObjective To explore the psycho-social and behavioral outcomes of microtia children and psychological health of their parents after microtia reconstruction,and to observe the effects of microtia reconstruction on the psycho-social health of microtia children and their parents.Methods 72 patients were recruited and investigated for their psycho-social behavioral problems with Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).Their parents were investigated for psychological health with symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90).The patients and their parents were both assessed with questionnaire before the after operation (6 to 12months post-operation).Results After microtia reconstruction,the scores of CBCL and SCL-90 decreased significantly.①As determined from CBCL,after operation the scores of activity and sociality ability of the patients increased with significant difference in statistics (P ＜ 0.01).The behavioral problems raw scores were lower than that of pre-operation.The percentage of behavioral problems of the microtia children decreased significantly compared with that before operation,it was significant in statistics (P ＜0.01).②As determined from SCL-90,it is found out that the general scores and the number of positive items of the parents with microtia children decreased with significant difference in statistics (P ＜ 0.01).The scores of SCL-90 factors decreased with a significant difference in statistics (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There was significant improvement in the psycho-social behavioral outcomes of microtia children and their patients after microtia reconstruction.There is a positive effect of microtia reconstruction on microtia children and their parents.