摘要目的:探讨三维(3D)打印联合计算机导航技术在面中部多发性骨折治疗中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2019年8月至2021年12月安徽医科大学第一附属医院口腔颌面外科收治的面中部多发性骨折患者的临床资料，根据手术方式将患者分为2组：术前采用AccuNavi-A 2.1导航软件进行手术规划和手术模拟、3D打印头颅模型、术中在计算机导航技术辅助下进行骨折复位和固定的患者为试验组；采用传统手术方法的患者作为对照组。在术前和术后1周头颅CT三维模型上标记标志点和构建三维坐标系，测量并计算各标志点的面部不对称指数(AI)，包括双侧眶下缘的最低点(O)、眶外1/3下方颧上颌缝最前点(MZ)、颧骨额突外侧缘和颞突上缘间的最凹点(C)、额突后缘C点上方最凹点(SC)、颧弓的最外侧点(Z)；记录手术时间；术后3个月，由患者对出现的并发症进行自我评估，包括复视、张口受限、面部麻木、咬合关系紊乱、术区瘢痕、瞳孔高度不一致的发生情况。AI用 M( Q1， Q3)表示，组内术前、后比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验，2组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验；手术时间以 ± s表示，2组间比较采用 t检验；患者并发症自我评估结果以例(%)表示，采用 χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法进行分析。 结果:共纳入32例患者，其中试验组16例，男9例，女7例，年龄17~60岁；对照组16例，男8例，女8例，年龄18~65岁。试验组患者术前O、MZ、C、SC、Z点AI术前分别为8.9(6.9，12.8)，10.0(7.7，12.6)，7.6(5.9，14.9)，10.7(7.2，22.0)，11.2(10.1，17.4)，术后分别为2.2(1.6，3.4)，2.5(1.7，3.4)，2.2(1.9，2.9)，2.6(1.7，3.1)，2.4(1.4，2.8)，对照组术前分别为10.4(8.1，12.5)，10.5(9.0，12.6)，6.6(5.3，8.2)，10.6(8.7，13.1)，10.9(9.8，13.4),术后分别为4.0(3.6，4.8)，4.3(3.8，5.4)，5.2(4.8，6.7)，4.3(3.1，5.1)，4.6(3.2，5.3)。2组患者术前各个标志点的AI比较，差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05)；2组患者术后各标志点AI均比术前有不同程度的降低( P<0.01或<0.05)；试验组术后各标志点AI显著低于对照组( P均<0.01)。试验组手术时间[(3.7±1.1) h]短于对照组[(4.8±1.9) h]( P<0.05)。试验组患者术区瘢痕[12.5%(2/16)]及瞳孔高度不一致[6.3%(1/16)]的发生率低于对照组的43.8%(7/16)、37.5%(6/16)( P<0.05)，在其他项目上比较2组差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论:在面中部多发性骨折治疗中应用3D打印联合计算机导航技术可以缩短手术时间，使患者面型恢复更加对称，术后并发症出现的概率更低。

abstractsObjective:To explore the computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized three-dimensional(3D) printing in the reduction and fixation of the multiple midface fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of patients suffering from multiple midface fractures treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from August 2019 to December 2021. According to the operational method, the patients in the experimental group received the operation applied by AccuNavi-A 2.1 navigation software for surgical planning and surgical simulation, printing 3D head model before the operation, and reducing and fixing fractures with the aid of computer navigation technology. Patients in the control group received the operation applied by traditional surgery. Marking facial landmarks on the head CT 3D model of patients and constructing a spatial coordinate system before and 1 week after surgery, measuring and calculating the facial asymmetry index (AI) for each landmark, including the orbitale (O), the most outside of the zygomaticomaxillary suture of the 1/3 below of the margo infraorbitalis(MZ), the most concave point between the frontal process of zygomatic bone and the superior margin of processus temporalis(C), the most concave point of the superjacent of C of posterior margin of frontal process(SC) and the outermost point of zygomatic arch(Z). The duration of operation were recorded. Complications including diplopia, difficulty in mouth opening, facial numbness, malocclusion, scarring and pupil height were evaluated by patents 3 months after the operations. AI is represented by M( Q1, Q3), Wilcoxon rank test was used for intra-group comparison before and after operations, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between two groups. Operation time was represented by Mean±SD, and t-test was used for comparison between two groups. The result of self-assessment of patients’ complications are expressed as cases (%), and the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used. Results:A total of 32 patients were included. There were 16 patients in the experimental group, 9 males and 7 females, aged 17-60 years. There were 16 patients in the control group, 8 males and 8 females, aged 18-65 years. The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in the experimental group were 8.9(6.9, 12.8), 10.0(7.7, 12.6), 7.6(5.9, 14.9), 10.7(7.2, 22.0), 11.2(10.1, 17.4), and 2.2(1.6, 3.4), 2.5(1.7, 3.4), 2.2(1.9, 2.9), 2.6(1.7, 3.1), 2.4(1.4, 2.8). The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in control group were 10.4(8.1, 12.5), 10.5(9.0, 12.6), 6.6(5.3, 8.2), 10.6(8.7, 13.1), 10.9(9.8, 13.4), and the postoperative were 4.0(3.6, 4.8), 4.3(3.8, 5.4), 5.2(4.8, 6.7), 4.3(3.1, 5.1), 4.6(3.2, 5.3). There was no significant difference in AI of each marker point between the two groups before surgery ( P>0.05). The AI of each landmark in the two groups was reduced after operation compared with that before operation to some extent ( P<0.01 or 0.05). The AI of each landmark in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group( P<0.01). The operation time of the experimental group[(3.7±1.1) h] was shorter than that of the control group[(4.8±1.9) h] ( P<0.05). The incidence of scar[12.5% (2/16)] and inconsistent pupil height[6.3% (1/16)] in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [43.8% (7/16), 37.5% (6/16)] ( P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in other items ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized 3D printing can shorten the time of operation, expedite the patients’ facial recovery with more symmetry and less likely to have complications.