摘要目的:探讨可切除局部晚期食管胃结合部腺癌术前行新辅助化疗的临床疗效。方法:对四川省攀枝花市中心医院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的86例可切除局部晚期Siewert Ⅱ、Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌（T 3~4 N + M 0）患者进行回顾性队列研究，患者按术前是否行新辅助化疗，分为新辅助化疗组[术前XELOX方案（奥沙利铂+卡培他滨）辅助化疗+手术治疗+术后XELOX方案辅助化疗，46例]和未新辅助化疗组（手术治疗+术后XELOX方案辅助化疗，40例）。两组患者由同一组手术医师行全胃切除+食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合+D 2淋巴结清扫术或近端胃切除+D 2淋巴结清扫术。观察两组患者治疗情况、术后病理学检查结果和预后。 结果:新辅助化疗组中部分缓解（PR）25例（54.3%），疾病稳定（SD）21例（45.7%），临床反应率54.3%（25/46），肿瘤控制率100.0%（46/46），临床降期率37.0%（17/46）。相比于未新辅助化疗组，新辅助化疗组患者有更高的R 0切除率[100.0%（46/46）比80.0%（32/40）， χ2=4.024， P=0.045]。依据肿瘤消退分级（TRG），新辅助化疗组的病理学完全缓解（TRG 0级）率为13.0%（6/46），病理学总缓解（TRG 1级+0级）率为56.5%（26/46）。术后病理学检查示，新辅助化疗组和未新辅助化疗组肿瘤长径、肿瘤脉管癌栓、神经浸润和病理学TNM分期差异均有统计学意义（均 P<0.05），而在淋巴结总数、阳性淋巴结数、病理学T分期、N分期和标本人类表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）表达情况方面，差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。在新辅助化疗组中，6例患者发生了3级不良反应，化疗被暂停或调整剂量；血液系统不良反应包括三系下降；其他不良反应包括恶心、呕吐和食欲下降；无放化疗相关死亡发生。新辅助化疗组的中位无瘤生存时间为20个月（5~36个月），1年和3年无瘤生存率分别为89.5%和52.4%；术后中位总生存时间为20个月（9~36个月），1年和3年总生存率分别为91.0%和48.0%；12例患者肿瘤复发。未新辅助化疗组的中位无瘤生存时间为19个月（10~35个月），1年和3年无瘤生存率分别为87.3%和30.0%；术后中位总生存时间为20个月（10~35个月），1年和3年总生存率分别为87.0%和18.6%；14例患者肿瘤复发。两组患者的无瘤生存比较差异有统计学意义（ χ2 = 4.522， P=0.03），总生存情况比较差异无统计学意义（ χ2 = 3.717， P>0.05）。 结论:术前采用XELOX方案新辅助化疗对可切除局部晚期Siewert Ⅱ、Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌患者安全有效，肿瘤降期明显，可提高患者的R 0切除率和无瘤生存率。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the resectable locally advanced adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze 86 patients with resectable locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction (T 3-4N +M 0) who were admitted to the Panzhihua Central Hospital of Sichuan Province from January 2013 to January 2016. All the patients were divided into the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group [preoperative XELOX regimen (oxaliplatin + capecitabine) adjuvant chemotherapy + surgery + postoperative XELOX regimen adjuvant chemotherapy, 46 cases] and non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (surgery + postoperative XELOX regimen adjuvant chemotherapy, 40 cases) according to whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed before surgery. The total gastrectomy + Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy + D 2 lymphadenectomy or proximal subtotal gastrectomy + esophageal gastric remnant anastomosis + D 2 lymphadenectomy were applied to patients by the same team of doctors. The observation indicators included treatment situations, results of postoperative pathological examination and prognosis in the two groups. Results:In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, 25 patients (54.3%) had partial remission (PR), 21 patients (45.7%) had stable disease (SD), the clinical response rate was 54.3% (25/46), tumor control rate was 100.0% (46/46), and clinical stage reduction rate was 37.0% (17/46). Compared with the non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group had a higher R 0 resection rate [100.0% (46/46) vs. 80.0% (32/40), χ2 = 4.024, P = 0.045], and in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the pathological complete remission [tumor regression grade (TRG) 0] rate was 13.0% (6/46), and the overall pathological response (TRG 1 + TRG 0) rate was 56.5% (26/46). The postoperative pathological examination showed that the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and the non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group had statistically significant differences in the longest tumor diameter, vessel carcinoma embolus, perineural invasion, and pathological TNM staging (all P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the total humber of lymph nodes, the number of positive lymph nodes, pathological T stage, N stage, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in specimens (all P > 0.05). In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, 6 patients had grade 3 adverse reactions, and chemotherapy was suspended or the dose was adjusted. Adverse reactions in the blood system included the red blood cells reduction, white blood cells reduction and thrombocytopenia. Other adverse reactions included nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite. There were no deaths related to radiotherapy. In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the median tumor-free survival time was 20 months (5-36 months), and the 1-year and 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 89.5% and 52.4%, respectively; the median postoperative overall survival time was 20 months (9-36 months), and the 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 91.0% and 48.0%, respectively; 12 patients had tumor recurrence. In the non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the median tumor-free survival time was 19 months (10-35 months), and the 1-year and 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 87.3% and 30.0%, respectively. The median postoperative overall survival time was 20 months (10-35 months), the 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 87.0% and 18.6%, respectively; 14 patients had tumor recurrence. There was a statistical difference in the tumor-free survival between the two groups ( χ2 = 4.522, P = 0.03), and there was no statistical difference in the overall survival between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.717, P > 0.05). Conclusions:XELOX regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and effective for patients with resectable locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction. It can decrease the tumor clinical stage and increase the R 0 resection rate and tumor-free survival rate.