摘要卵巢上皮性癌（EOC）是最常见的卵巢恶性肿瘤，因早期病变不易发现，晚期患者缺乏有效的治疗手段，病死率居各类妇科恶性肿瘤首位。盆腔结核是女性生殖器特异性炎症，漫长的潜伏期使得原发结核病灶可以完全愈合，进而表现出与卵巢癌相似的临床"三联征"，即腹胀、腹腔积液和盆腔包块，伴随血清糖类抗原125异常升高。对于两种疾病的鉴别诊断，影像学检查联合实验室检查在临床上应用广泛，但两者对预后的评估效果有一定差异。文章就影像学检查和实验室检查对EOC与盆腔结核鉴别诊断及预后评估意义的研究进展进行综述。

abstractsEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common ovarian malignancy. Because the early lesions are not easy to be found and the advanced cases lack effective treatments, the fatality rate ranks the first among all kinds of gynecological malignant tumors. Pelvic tuberculosis is a specific inflammation of female genitalia. The long incubation period makes the primary tuberculosis foci heal completely, and then presents the clinical "triad" similar to ovarian cancer, namely: abdominal distension, ascites and pelvic mass, accompanied by an abnormal increase in serum carbohydrate antigen 125. For the differential diagnosis of the two diseases, imaging examination combined with laboratory examination is widely used in clinical practice, but the evaluation effect of the two diseases is different to some extent. This paper reviews the progress of the significance of imaging examination and laboratory examination in differential diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of EOC and pelvic tuberculosis.