摘要Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants among monocotyledonous species and is grown extensively in subtropical regions.Although bamboo has high economic value and produces much biomass quickly,gene functional research is hindered by the low efficiency of genetic trans-formation in this species.We therefore explored the potential of a bamboo mosaic virus(BaMV)-mediated expression system to investigate genotype-phenotype associations.We determined that the sites between the triple gene block proteins(TGBps)and the coat protein(CP)of BaMV are the most efficient insertion sites for the ex-pression of exogenous genes in both monopodial and sympodial bamboo species.Moreover,we validated this system by individually over-expressing the two endogenous genes ACE1 and DEC1,which resulted in the promotion and sup-pression of internode elongation,respectively.In particular,this system was able to drive the ex-pression of three 2A-linked betalain biosynthesis genes(more than 4 kb in length)to produce beta-lain,indicating that it has high cargo capacity and may provide the prerequisite basis for the devel-opment of a DNA-free bamboo genome editing platform in the future.Since BaMV can infect mul-tiple bamboo species,we anticipate that the system described in this study will greatly con-tribute to gene function research and further pro-mote the molecular breeding of bamboo.