摘要Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris flowers or Carum carvi and Medicago sativa seeds,alone and in combination,which have been used in traditional Iranian medicine.Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 treatment groups: distilled water,sodium salicylate (SS),M.sylvestris extract (600 mg/kg),C carvi extract (600 mg/kg),M.sativa extract (300 mg/kg) and combined extract (including 300 mg/kg M.sylvestris and C.carvi extracts,and 150 mg/kg M.sativa extract).The formalin pain model was used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the treatments.For anti-inflammatory effect,acute (one hour after injection) and chronic (during a week after injection) paw inflammation was measured after subcutaneous/ injection of 2.5％ formalin in the hindpaw.Finally,tissue samples from all groups were prepared for histopathological studies.Results: The combined extract significantly inhibited the nociception in the acute phase of the formalin test (P ＜ 0.001).In the chronic phase,all the extracts and SS had significant analgesic effect (P ＜ 0.001).Analgesic activity of the combined extract was significantly stronger than SS (P ＜ 0.01).In the acute inflammation model,M.sylvestris,C carvi and the combined drug had significant inhibitory effects against paw edema (P ＜ 0.05).All extracts,individually and in combination,significantly alleviated chronic paw inflammation (P ＜ 0.01).The combined extract had much more anti-inflammatory activity than SS (P ＜ 0.05).Histopathological results indicated improvement and reduction of inflammatory factors in the treatment groups.Conclusion: M.sylvestris,C.carvi and M.sativa have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.Potentially,each of these extracts or a mixture of them might be a valuable alternative drug to control pain and inflammation.