摘要原发性胸膜小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤为罕见疾病，其临床表现、影像学均无特异性。95%以上以胸腔积液为首发表现，但脱落细胞学检查阳性率极低，细胞蜡块切片技术有助于恶性浆膜腔积液诊断，胸腔镜下胸膜组织活检阳性率可达90%以上。但腔镜下浆膜组织活检有较大创伤性，依从性差，因此浆膜腔积液高效、无创性诊断值得进一步探索。同时，临床上对于原发性胸膜小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤的认识存在一定的不足，本文结合1例原发性胸膜小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤患者的发病经过，对相关文献进行复习，以期为该病的临床诊治提供参考。

abstractsPrimary pleural small lymphocytic lymphoma is a rare disease with no specific clinical manifestations and imaging. Pleural effusion is the first manifestation in more than 95%, but the positive rate of exfoliative cytology is very low. The paraffin-embedded cell slice is helpful for the diagnosis of malignant serous effusion. The positive rate of pleural tissue biopsy under thoracoscope can reach more than 90%, but the biopsy has great trauma and poor compliance. Therefore, the efficient and noninvasive diagnosis of serous effusion is worthy of further exploration. At the same time, there is a certain lack of understanding of primary pleural small lymphocytic lymphoma in clinical practice. This study reported one case of primary pleural small lymphocytic lymphoma and reviewed the relevant literature, in order to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of primary pleural small lymphocytic lymphoma.