摘要目的：分析结直肠内窥镜活检癌的病例诊断，为临床诊断提供依据。方法选取2012年6月至2014年2月收治的结肠、直肠活检诊断321例患者的一般资料，回顾性分析所有患者的诊断癌标准确定黏膜下层标准，与切除手术病理诊断对照，分析患者手术前后病理诊断。结果321例患者中，腺癌299例，印戒细胞癌4例，类癌2例，黏液腺癌16例。患者组织学特征主要表现不太相同，黏液腺癌患者主要表现为出现大量黏液，腺癌特征是腺管状腺泡状分化，阳性标记 CK、CEA、Ki-67等，类癌特征为癌细胞大小、染色比较均匀，常见腺泡状，印戒细胞癌细胞核深染，活检诊断与术后诊断符合率为100%。结论绝大部分患者为浸润癌，因此在结直肠的活检中，针对存在不确定黏膜下层的患者最好不使用黏膜内肿瘤瘤变。

abstractsObjective To analyze the endoscopic biopsy diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis. Methods Selected general information of 321 patients diagnosed by colon and rectal biopsy from June 2012 to February 2014, and retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis standard to determine the submucosa cancer in all pa-tients, and compared with resection operation pathology to analyze the pathologic diagnosis before and after operation. Re-sults Among 321 patients, there were 299 patients with adenocarcinoma, 4 patients with signet ring cell carcinoma, 2 pa-tients with carcinoid tumor, 16 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma. Main performance of patients with histological fea-tures, is not the same, and the main findings in the patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma is the presence of mucus adeno-carcinoma is characterized in glandular acinar differentiation labeled CK, CEA, Ki-67, etc. , carcinoid characterized canc-er cell size, more uniform common staining, acinar, signet ring cell carcinoma nuclear hyperchromatic, biopsy in the diag-nosis and postoperative diagnosis rate was 100% . Conclusions Most of the patients are invasive cancer, therefore in colo-rectal biopsy, in view of the existing uncertain submucosa patients had better not use intramucosal neoplasm neoplasia.