摘要目的 对比分析早产儿与足月儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)的临床特征,为NEC的救治提供理论依据.方法 采用回顾性分析的方法,选取黄石市中心医院2015年3月至2018年3月收治的110例NEC患儿,根据患儿分娩孕周将其分为早产儿组(95例)与足月儿组(15例),分析患儿的临床资料,比较两组患儿的临床表现、主要合并症与并发症、实验室检查结果、围生期因素等临床特征.结果 早产儿组NCE发病率高于足月儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组疾病分期分布情况、主要合并症与并发症检出情况比较,差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05);NEC患儿均以血便、腹胀为主要临床表现,且患儿发病后合并肠穿孔、尿潴留等风险高;早产儿组呼吸暂停、胎膜早破、血红蛋白降低等发生率均高于足月儿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 早产儿与足月儿NEC在患病率、临床表现、围生期因素、实验室检查等方面有一定差异,临床应结合患儿胎龄分析病情,加强早产儿NEC早期患病风险的评估,结合患儿临床表现、实验室检查结果,尽早诊断并合理干预,降低病死率,改善预后.

abstractsObjective To compare the clinical features of necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) between premature infants and full-term infants, and provide theoretical basis for treatment of NEC. Methods This study used retrospective analysis. A total of 110 children with NEC admitted to Huangshi Central Hospital from March 2015 to March 2018 were selected. All children were divided into preterm group (n=95) and full-term group (n=15) according to child birth gestational age. The clinical data were analyzed, and the clinical manifestation, complications and clinical features, laboratory results and perinatal factors of the two groups were compared. Results The morbidity of NEC in preterm group was higher than that in full-term group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in disease stage distribution or major complications ( P>0. 05 ) . The main clinical manifestations of NEC children were hematoplegia and abdominal distension, and the risk of postoperative bowel perforation and urinary retention was high. The incidence of apnea, premature rupture of membranes, and reduction of hemoglobin in preterm group were all higher than those in full-term group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions There are some differences in the prevalence, clinical manifestations, perinatal factors and laboratory examinations of NEC between premature and full-term infants. And clinical condition should be analyzed in combination with gestational age of children, and the early risk assessment of NEC in premature infants should be strengthened. It is necessary to make diagnosis and intervention as early as possible to reduce mortality and improve prognosis.