摘要目的:观察孟鲁司特钠与干扰素α2b治疗小儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法:抽取2020年1月至2021年5月河南省第二人民医院收治的90例呼吸道合胞病毒感染毛细支气管炎患儿为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组，每组45例。对照组应用干扰素α2b治疗，研究组在对照组基础上加用孟鲁司特钠治疗。比较两组的治疗效果、临床症状消失时间及炎性因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、半胱氨酰白三烯(CysLTs)、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)、人肺表面活性物质相关蛋白D(SP-D)]水平。结果:研究组治疗总有效率(95.56%，43/45)高于对照组(75.56%，34/45)， P<0.05。治疗前，两组炎性因子水平、肺功能指标比较差异未见统计学意义( P>0.05)；治疗后，研究组咳嗽、呼吸困难、憋喘、肺部湿啰音消失时间与氧疗时间均短于对照组，IL-6、CysLTs、ECP、SP-D水平均低于对照组，肺功能指标改善程度优于对照组，住院时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 结论:小儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染毛细支气管炎应用孟鲁司特钠与干扰素α2b治疗的效果显著，可缩短康复进程，改善炎性因子水平。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the clinical effect of montelukast sodium combined with interferon α2b on children with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus.Methods:Ninety children with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus infection admitted to Second People’s Hospital of Henan Province from January 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into study group and control group by random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with interferon α2b, and the study group was treated with montelukast sodium based on the treatment of the control group. The clinical effect, clinical symptom disappearance time and inflammatory factor level including interleukin-6 (IL-6), cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), human pulmonary surfactant associated protein D (SP-D) of the two groups were compared.Results:The total effective rate of the study group (95.56%, 43/45) was higher than that of the control group (75.56%, 34/45), P<0.05. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in inflammatory factor level and pulmonary function index between the two groups ( P>0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of cough, dyspnea, wheezing, lung moist rale and oxygen therapy time in the study group were shorter, levels of IL-6, CysLTs, ECP and SP-D were lower, the improvement of pulmonary function indexes was better, and the hospital stay was shorter, compared with those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Montelukast sodium combined with interferon α2b has remarkable effects in the treatment of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus in children, which can shorten the rehabilitation process, and improve the level of inflammatory factors.