摘要目的:对比分析鼻腔鼻窦NK/T细胞淋巴瘤(NKTCL)和弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的临床及影像学特征。方法:回顾性分析2019年6月至2023年6月于陕西省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进行治疗的40例鼻腔鼻窦NKTCL患者(NKTCL组)与30例鼻腔鼻窦DLBCL患者(DLBCL组)的临床资料。所有研究对象均有完整的临床资料，均接受过影像学检查(CT、磁共振成像及增强扫描等)。比较两组患者的临床特征及影像学特征。结果:两组患者临床症状相似，均有鼻塞、头闷头痛及眼部症状。两组患者的性别、临床分期、美国东部肿瘤协作组体力状态评分比较，差异未见统计学意义( P>0.05)，但NKTCL组年龄小于DLBCL组( P<0.05)。NKTCL组CT平扫可见密度均匀软组织影填充鼻腔，增强扫描可见轻中度不均匀强化；磁共振成像检查T1加权像(T1WI)表现出和肌肉类似的等信号或稍高信号，T2加权像(T2WI)表现为肌肉和鼻腔黏膜之间信号，增强扫描可见轻中度强化。DLBCL组CT平扫示病变以稍高密度软组织影为主，CT增强扫描多为不均匀强化；磁共振成像检查T1WI多为稍高的中等强化信号，T2WI则以稍高信号为主。 结论:鼻腔鼻窦NKTCL、DLBCL的临床表现存在相似性，易导致误诊，临床需结合影像学特征做进一步分析，才能提高鼻腔鼻窦NKTCL、DLBCL诊断的准确度。

abstractsObjective:To comparatively analyze the clinical and imaging features of sinonasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 40 patients with sinonasal NKTCL (NKTCL group) and 30 patients with sinonasal DLBCL (DLBCL group) treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from June 2019 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All subjects had complete clinical data and underwent imaging examinations, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced scans. A comparative analysis of clinical and imaging characteristics were performed between the two groups .Results:Both groups presented with similar symptoms, such as nasal congestion, headache, and eye symptoms. There was no statistically significant difference in gender, clinical staging, or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score between the two groups ( P>0.05); but the NKTCL group had a lower age compared with the DLBCL group ( P<0.05). In the NKTCL group, CT scans showed uniformly dense soft tissue shadows filling the nasal cavity, with mild to moderate uneven enhancement in contrast-enhanced scans. T1-weighted images (T1WI) showed signals similar to muscles or slightly higher; and T2-weighted images (T2WI) showed signals between muscles and nasal mucosa, with mild to moderate enhancement visible in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. In the DLBCL group, CT scans displayed soft tissues mainly with slightly higher density, with predominantly uneven enhancement in contrast-enhanced scans. T1WI demonstrated mostly slightly higher and moderately enhanced signals, while T2WI mainly showed slightly higher signals in magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions:Sinonasal NKTCL and DLBCL share similarities in clinical manifestations, easily leading to misdiagnosis. Further analysis, based on the imaging characteristics, is crucial to improve the accuracy of diagnoses of sinonasal NKTCL and DLBCL.