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摘要A cable-driven bending apparatus is disclosed, configured for removable coupling with a control handle. The apparatus includes an elongated body with a deflectable distal end and a transmission unit at its proximal end. The transmission unit comprises a main shaft and a coaxially mounted rotatable ring. A first and second control wire extend from the transmission unit to the distal end; each coupled with the rotatable ring and wound around the shaft in opposite directions. Rotation of the ring selectively applies tension to one of the control wires, thereby deflecting the distal end. A system incorporating the cable-driven bending apparatus and a control handle is also disclosed. The control handle includes a housing, a controller, and a coupling and actuation mechanism, which together engage the transmission unit to control bending of the distal end. This configuration facilitates reliable manipulation, ease of assembly, and flexible replacement of the cable-driven bending apparatus.