摘要目的 探讨创伤性肺内血肿或血气囊肿的处理规范.方法 对我院1999年8月-2010年8月救治的21例创伤性肺内血肿或血气囊肿患者(AIS≥4)资料进行回顾性分析.结果 (1)全组病死率为14％(3/21),死因为呼吸道大出血窒息；(2)67％(14/21)伴有咯血症状,咯血时间为1～240d,平均15.8d,肺内血肿或血气囊肿咯血时间约为单纯肺气囊肿咯血时间的3.4倍；(3)肺内血肿或囊肿消失时间平均为61.6d,其中肺内血肿和血气囊肿消失时间为单纯肺气囊肿消失时间的3.4倍.(4)肺内血肿或血气囊肿大小及部位影响救治方式、救治结局及预后.结论 规范创伤性肺内血肿或血气囊肿的治疗是提高救治成功率的关键,对直径＞6.0cm的肺内血肿或血气囊肿以及肺气囊肿伴重度漏气呼吸不能维持者需及早行确定性手术.

abstractsObjective To investigate the standards for management of traumatic intrapulmonary hematoma and hematocele.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the data of 21 patients with traumatic pulmonary hematoma or hematocele (AIS≥4 points) treated at Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from August 1999 to August 2010.Results The overall mortality was 14％ (3/21)and death causes were respiratory passage hemorrhea and asphyxia.About 67％ of patients ( 14/21 ) were associated with hemoptysis,which lasted for 1-240 days (mean,15.8 days).The duration of hemoptysis due to traumatic intrapulmonary hematoma hematocele was about 3.4 times longer than that due to simple traumatic pneumatocele.The hematoma or cyst disappeared at average 61.6 days,with 3.4 times longer than the disappearance time of intrapulmonary hematoma or hematocele in comparison with that of simple pneumatocele.The size and position of traumatic pulmonary hematoma or pneumatocele influenced the treatment methods,outcomes and prognosis.Conclusions Standardized treatment for traumatic pulmonary hematoma or hematocele is key to improving the cure rate.Early emergency definitive surgery is required for patients with traumatic intrapulmonary hematoma or hematocele greater than 6.0 cm in diameter and for those with pneumatocele greater than 6.0 cm in diameter combined with incapability of keeping breathing due to severe air leakage.