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目的：对比分析不同抗血小板治疗方案，在支架辅助栓塞颅内未破裂动脉瘤介入治疗术中、术后出血和栓塞的发生率。方法回顾性搜集2008年1月至2014年11月，所有支架辅助栓塞颅内未破裂动脉瘤患者共203例，根据抗血小板治疗方案分3组。术前2～24 h给予负荷剂量氯吡格雷（300～600 mg）的患者为负荷组54例；术中给予负荷剂量替罗非班（8μg/kg，3 min内推注完毕），继而维持剂量(0.1μg·kg－1·min－1)的为替罗非班组，50例；术前3～5 d给予双抗治疗（氯吡格雷75 mg+拜阿司匹林100 mg）的为术前双抗组，99例。采用c2检验或Fisher精确概率法比较3组患者围手术期出血及血栓栓塞事件的发生率。结果负荷组、术前双抗组、替罗非班组围手术期出血并发症的发生率分别是11.1%(6/54)、2.0%(2/99)、0；栓塞并发症的发生率分别是7.4%(4/54)、4.0%(4/99)、0。组间总并发症发生率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)；负荷组并发症发生率高于术前双抗组（P<0.05）与替罗非班组（P<0.01）；术前双抗组与替罗非班组相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。负荷组出血并发症发生率高于术前双抗组与替罗非班组（P值均<0.05），术前双抗组与替罗非班组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在负荷亚组中，暴露低分子肝素亚组术后血栓事件发生率显著低于未暴露组（P<0.05），而肝素暴露组与未暴露组术后出血事件并未有统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论与术前3～5 d双抗抗血小板治疗方案对比，替罗非班治疗方案可作为一种安全有效的可供选择的抗血小板策略用于支架辅助栓塞颅内未破裂动脉瘤术中；与其他两种方案相比，术前2h负荷剂量氯吡格雷组更容易出现围手术期并发症。负荷亚组中，术后抗血小板治疗基础上再用低分子肝素可降低术后血栓栓塞事件，但其可能增加术后出血风险，应慎重使用。

Objective To compare the perioperative complications of prophylactic use of three antiplatelet strategies in unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by stent assisted coiling. Methods A total of 203 consecutive patients were brought into this retrospective study including the following three groups:the loading group (n=54), with a loading dose of 300 mg to 600 mg clopidogrel at 2 h to 24h before the stenting; tirofiban group (n=50), a loading dosage of tirofiban (8 μg/kg/min over 3 min) followed by a 0.1μg/kg/min maintenance dosage; dual antiplatelet group (n=99), dual oral antiplatelet drugs (clopidogrel 75 mg + aspirin 100 mg) pretreated for 3-5 days before the operation. Events of hemorrhage and thromboembolism were recorded and the complications were compared to assess the safety and efficacy of various antiplatelet strategies. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used for categorical variables. Results The hemorrhagic rates were 11.1% in loading group, 2.0% in dual antiplatelet group, and 0% in tirofiban group, respectively, while the thromboembolic rates were 7.4% in loading group, 4.0% in dual antiplatelet group, and 0% in tirofiban group, respectively. For total complications, significant difference (P<0.05) existed among the three groups, and the complication rate in loading group was significantly higher than that of the dual group (P=0.016) and tirofiban group (P=0.001), while there was no significant difference between tirofiban group and dual antiplatelet group(P>0.05). The hemorrhagic rate in loading group was significantly higher than that of the dual group (P=0.023) and tirofiban group (P=0.027), while there was no significant difference between tirofiban group and dual antiplatelet group (P>0.05). In subgroup analysis of the loading group, the postoperative thromboembolic rate was significantly higher in those exposed to low molecular weight heparin than those not (P=0.039) with no increase of hemorrhagic events (P>0.05). Conclusions When compared with the dual antiplatelet strategy, tirofiban strategy may be used as a new prophylactic protocol in unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by stent assisted coiling. Those treated by low molecular weight heparin postoperatively after receiving dual antiplatelet therapy may increase the hemorrhagic risk, although there was a significant decrease in thromboembolic events postoperatively.