摘要目的:了解河南省18岁及以上人群抑郁症、焦虑障碍的患病率、分布特点及就诊情况。方法:于2020年11月至2021年3月在河南省30个县（市、区）开展精神障碍流行病学调查，采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法抽取18岁及以上城乡常住居民10 800人，利用患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表（Patient Health Questionnaire-9，PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑量表（Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale，GAD-7）进行筛查，将调查对象按照评分分为高危、中危、低危3组，由精神科医师采用ICD-10对全部高危人群、随机抽取的40%中危人群及10%低危人群进行相应疾病诊断，并根据3个风险组中诊断抑郁症及焦虑障碍12个月患病人数，计算样本的调整患病率、标化患病率及两类患病率的95 %CI。两类精神障碍患病率的分布比较采用χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法。 结果:完成调查10 057人，抑郁症患者229例，标化后12个月患病率为1.96%（95 %CI=1.51%~2.32%）；焦虑障碍患者412例，标化后12个月患病率为3.90%（95 %CI=3.57%~4.23%）。农村、≥60岁、受教育程度较低、个人月收入较低、不经常锻炼、有慢性病、身体健康状况较差、不具备心理健康素养者患病率较高。抑郁症患者、焦虑障碍患者就诊率分别为32.8%（75/229）和25.5%（105/412），未就诊的主要原因为不知道是一种病和觉得问题不大。 结论:河南省城乡居民抑郁症和焦虑障碍患病率较全国及其他省略低，患病率在不同人口学特征人群中差异较大，就诊率和治疗率仍然偏低。

abstractsObjective:This survey aims to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and medical treatment of depressive and anxiety disorder among people aged 18 and above in Henan province.Methods:An epidemiological survey was conducted in 30 counties (cities and districts) of Henan province from November 2020 to March 2021. A total of 10 800 permanent urban and rural residents aged 18 and above were selected by the stratified multi-stage random sampling method. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were used for primary screening of depressive and anxiety disorders respectively. Then all participants were divided into high-, medium-, and low-risk groups based on the primary screening results. All participants in high-risk groups, 40% participants randomly selected in medium-risk groups, and 10% randomly selected in low-risk groups underwent a diagnostic procedure for depressive and anxiety disorder conducted by psychiatrists according to the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). The adjusted prevalence, standardized prevalence, and 95 %CI were calculated based on the number of patients diagnosed with depressive or anxiety disorders in the three risk groups in 12 months. The distribution of the prevalence of two mental disorders were compared using the chi-square test and Fisher′s exact probability test. Results:Among the 10 057 participants who completed the survey, 229 were diagnosed with depressive disorder and 412 with anxiety disorder. The 12-month standardized prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorder were 1.96% (95 %CI=1.51%-2.32%) and 3.90% (95 %CI=3.57%-4.23%), respectively. The prevalence rate was higher in populations living in rural areas, aged ≥60 years old, having a lower education level, having a lower monthly income, performing less regular exercise, having chronic disease, having poor physical health, and lack of mental health literacy. The treatment rates of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders were 32.8% (75/229) and 25.5% (105/412), respectively. The main reasons for non-seeking medical services were the unawareness that poor mental health status could be a disease and the consideration that mental health problems were not serious. Conclusion:The prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorder in urban and rural residents of Henan province is lower than that in other provinces of China and the corresponding national data. These prevalence rates vary greatly among populations with different demographic characteristics. The treatment rate is still low in the current studied population.